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Titanium anode is generally called DSA (Dimensionally Stable Anode), which is a dimensionally stable anode. It was invented in the late 1960s. Titanium anode was first used in chlor-alkali production and is now widely used in chemical industry, environmental protection, water electrolysis, water treatment, electrometallurgy, electric lock, metal flute production, organic electrosynthesis, electrodialysis, cathodic protection and other fields. Driven by researchers, theoretical knowledge such as electrode science, electrode reaction engineering, electrode process kinetics, and electrocatalytic science are also constantly innovating and enriching.
The birth of titanium anode has greatly promoted the development of salt electrolysis production and is a major technological revolution in the chlor-alkali industry. The invention of DSA is one of the major inventions of the electrochemical industry in the 20th century and a landmark contribution to the field of electrochemistry.
1. Application of titanium anode in chlor-alkali production
As the basic electrode material, the biggest advantage of titanium is good chemical durability and good mechanical processing performance. Excellent mechanical processing performance is extremely important for electrolytic cell design.
A very thin, very dense, and highly corrosion-resistant oxide film is generated on the titanium surface. When there are anions with strong chloride activity, it has good corrosion resistance even under high overpotential conditions.
Considering that the electrode reaction takes place on the electrode surface, the electrode matrix does not need catalytic activity, but only plays the role of corrosion resistance and conductivity. There are not many electrode substrates, and they are limited to valve-type metals such as titanium. In an anodic polarization environment, the titanium surface is oxidized and covered with a very thin non-conductive film, making it a corrosion-resistant matrix. Although the resistance of titanium metal is 30 times that of copper, its conductivity is sufficient for general electrolysis processes. In this way, a very thin catalyst attached to the titanium matrix may become a practical electrode, and platinum group and ruthenium iridium metal oxides can be used as active catalysts. Platinum-coated and ruthenium iridium-coated electrodes are not consumed and do not deform.
2. Other titanium anodes for chlorine electrolysis
Other chlorine electrolysis include chlorate, seawater electrolysis, sodium hypochlorite production, etc.
3. Titanium anode for oxygen electrolysis
In the ion membrane electrolyzer, Glauber's salt is electrolyzed to recover acid and alkali. Oxygen is precipitated on the anode of sulfuric acid electrolysis. Titanium-plated platinum electrodes were used at first. Due to the short life of the anode, DSA was used instead. At that time, the durability of DSA could not meet the process requirements. After improvement, practical DSA with oxygen precipitation resistance was born.
Iridium oxide and tantalum oxide coated DSA, which is used as an anode for sulfuric acid electrolysis, still retains most of the coating when the anode cannot be used. It can be inferred that the durability of the anode is improved due to the oxidation deterioration or corrosion of titanium at the interface between the coating and the titanium substrate. The mixed oxide layer is the same as the catalytic active layer and is prepared by thermal decomposition.
Later, electric lock steel plates, copper box manufacturing, aluminum box electrochemical formation, and pickled stainless steel plates all adopted DSA for oxygen evolution.
4. New electrodes for industrial electrolysis
1) Diamond electrode
2) Gas diffusion electrode
3) Manufacturing hydrogen peroxide
4) Sintered platinum electrode (sintered platinum-iridium alloy electrode)
Since the 1990s, household electrolytic ion water generators have been developed. Regular drinking of alkaline ion water can neutralize harmful acidic metabolite free radicals in the body and directly treat gastrointestinal diseases caused by excessive gastric acid. Acidic ion water has the effect of disinfection and beauty. Strong acidic water can quickly kill microorganisms and has a strong bactericidal effect, providing washing and disinfection. To prepare ion water electrolysis devices, in order to prevent calcium crystals from precipitating in the water and affecting the smooth flow of water, the electrode polarity is often changed, the cathode becomes the anode, and the anode becomes the cathode, that is, the electrode material is required to be able to pass current in the reverse direction, and the same electrode can be used as an anode or a cathode.
In the past, the selection of high oxygen overpotential electrode materials considered Pt electrode, titanium platinum electrode, lead dioxide electrode and lead electrode. During the electrolysis process, lead dioxide electrode and lead electrode will dissolve, producing substances that are harmful to the electrolysis environment. Pt electrode and titanium platinum electrode are expensive.
Sintered Pt electrode and sintered Pt--Ir alloy electrode not only retain the high oxygen evolution potential characteristics of platinum electrode, but also have the advantages of cathode and anode, and the price is not much different from that of traditional coated titanium electrode. Sintered Pt electrode and Ruthenium-iridium anode have been used in 5 types of water electrolysis devices, including ion water electrolysis devices and super acidic water electrolysis devices, and other electrolysis industries.
DSA is an electrolysis reaction and universal electrode. Now industrial electrolysis is centered on DSA, assisted by functional electrodes, diamond electrodes, new gas diffusion electrodes, sintered Pt electrodes, and Ruthenium-iridium anode has a wider range of applications.
Company: Baoji Dynamic Trading Co., Ltd
Country:China
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Gmail:alisa@jmyunti.com
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