The titanium anode is the anode in the titanium based metal oxide coating. According to their different surface catalytic coatings, they have oxygen evolution and chlorine evolution functions. Generally, electrode materials should have good conductivity, small electrode distance variation, strong corrosion resistance, good mechanical strength and processing performance, long service life, low cost, and good electrocatalytic performance for electrode reactions. Currently, titanium is the metal that can meet the above comprehensive requirements. The role of metal oxide coating on industrial pure titanium TA1/TA2 titanium anode is generally to have low resistivity, good conductivity (titanium itself has poor conductivity), stable chemical composition of precious metal coating, stable crystal structure, stable electrode size, good corrosion resistance, long service life, good electrocatalytic performance, which is conducive to reducing overpotential of oxygen and chlorine evolution reactions and saving electricity.
1. Titanium anodes have a long working life. In the production of chlor alkali industry by diaphragm method, metal anodes are resistant to corrosion by chlorine and alkali, and the anode life has reached more than 6 years, while graphite anodes are only 8 months.
2. It can overcome the dissolution problems of graphite anodes and lead anodes, avoid contamination of electrolytes and cathode products, and thus improve the purity of metal products.
3. Can increase current density. In the production of chlor alkali by diaphragm method, the working current density of graphite anode is 8A/dm2, and the titanium anode can be doubled to 17A/dm2. Under the same conditions in the electrolysis plant and electrolysis cell, the output can be doubled, which improves the single cell production capacity and effectively enhances labor productivity. When conducting electrolysis at high working current density, it is more suitable to use a titanium anode.
4. Due to the use of metal anodes, high-temperature and high current density operation of chlorate electrolysis cells has become possible. The use of metal anodes improves the structure of the electrolytic cell, reduces energy consumption, accelerates the chemical reaction between hypochlorite and gas chlorate, and thus improves production performance.
5. The design concept and operating conditions of the salt electrolysis cell using DSA, mercury method, and diaphragm method have been improved, resulting in reduced energy consumption. The low overpotential characteristic of DSA makes it easy to eliminate bubbles on the surface between electrodes and electrodes, which is an important reason for the voltage drop in metal anode electrolytic cells. Due to the many advantages of titanium anodes, their development has brought great economic benefits to the chlor alkali industry, and therefore they have quickly been promoted and used around the world. The production capacity of chlor alkali is about 41 million tons per year worldwide, and the use of titanium anodes is not less than 70%. Titanium anodes are known as a major technology * shielding keyword * in the chlor alkali industry. Subsequently, titanium anodes have also been widely promoted and applied in many electrolytic industries.
6. The anode size is stable, and the distance between electrodes does not change during the electrolysis process, ensuring that the electrolysis operation can be carried out under stable cell voltage.
7. It can avoid short circuit problems caused by deformation of lead anodes, thus improving current efficiency.
8. Titanium anodes are lightweight and can reduce labor intensity.
9. The switch is easy to make and can achieve high precision.
10. The working voltage is low, so the energy consumption is small, which can save energy consumption. The DC power consumption can be reduced by 10% to 20%. The main reasons for the low working voltage of titanium anodes are:
1) The overpotential of chlorine and oxygen on the active coated titanium anode is relatively low. When producing chlor alkali through saltwater electrolysis, the titanium anode has a low overpotential for chlorine, which is 140mV lower than that of graphite anode at 1A/cm2;
2) It can reduce the "bubble shielding effect". The bubbles generated on the surface of the metal anode are relatively small and detach quickly, which greatly reduces the inflation between the electrodes. The ohmic drop between the two poles is about 700mV, and the bubble diameter is about 3mm;
3) Reduced the resistance of the anode structure;
4) Shortened the distance between poles. In the 1960s, the global salt electrolysis industry consumed approximately 150 billion kWh of electricity annually. By using metal anodes, approximately 300 million kWh of electricity could be saved annually.
11. In chlor alkali production, the use of titanium anodes results in high product quality, high purity, CO2 free, high alkali concentration, and can save heating steam and energy consumption.
12. Strong corrosion resistance and can work in many highly corrosive and special requirements electrolytic media.
13. The base metal titanium can be reused multiple times.
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