According to the different size, tungsten cube can be divided into large, medium and small three kinds of squares; According to the different materials, it can be divided into pure tungsten blocks (metal tungsten blocks), tungsten-based alloy blocks and cemented carbide blocks. Among them, according to the different types and quantities of binder, tungsten-based alloy blocks can be divided into two-phase blocks (such as tungsten copper alloy blocks and tungsten silver alloy blocks), three-phase blocks (such as tungsten-nickel-iron alloy blocks and tungsten-nickel-copper alloy blocks) and high-entropy alloy blocks (multi-principal element alloys); According to the different binder, the cemented carbide block can be divided into WC-Co alloy block and WC-Ni alloy block.
First, pure tungsten block
It is a single-phase metal, which is made of tungsten powder with a purity of up to 99.999% or 99.9999% and is manufactured by powder metallurgy, smelting or chemical vapor deposition. Because tungsten is a refractory metal, the melting point is as high as 3420 ° C, and the hardness is very large, so the simple use of tungsten powder to produce pure tungsten block is very difficult, it is easy to break, and then affect the appearance and quality of the product. More difficult is that the shape of the metal tungsten block and various processing due to its brittleness difficulty increase, so often require a high cost of slow wire to be better completed.
1) two-phase gold nugget
Tungsten-copper alloy block: a two-phase structure pseudoalloy with tungsten as the hard phase and copper as the bonding phase, which has the advantages of high density, high melting point and good electrical and thermal conductivity. However, its oxidation resistance is poor, so it will rust in the natural environment, thereby reducing the overall quality. In addition, the color and density of tungsten copper products manufactured by copper infiltration method will also appear uneven, because copper (melting point 1083.4 ° C) and tungsten melting point is larger, when the temperature is higher, copper will melt into a liquid, resulting in high-density metal tungsten sinking at the bottom.
Tungsten silver alloy block: is composed of tungsten and silver blocks, although it has excellent plasticity, oxidation resistance and electrical and thermal conductivity characteristics, but the strength and hardness are relatively low, the price is high, so Xiaobian do not recommend collecting it. In addition to the silver price and silver content, the production cost depends to a large extent on the cost of production and processing. According to Chinatungsten Wisdom Manufacturing, the production method of tungsten silver block is the same as that of tungsten copper block. The melting point of silver is 962 ° C, and when the temperature is higher, it will also melt into a liquid, causing the metal tungsten to sink, resulting in uneven color and density of the block.
2) three-phase gold nugget
Tungsten-nickel-iron alloy block: is a tungsten based and add nickel and iron and other chemical elements of the alloy, with high strength, good wear resistance, strong anti-radiation ability, not easy to deformation and certain ferromagnetic characteristics, suitable for the traditional powder metallurgy process and injection molding technology to produce. Note: The nickel-iron ratio of commonly used alloys is generally 7:3 or 1:1.
Tungsten-nickel-copper alloy block: is a tungsten based and added to nickel and copper and other chemical elements of the alloy, with non-magnetic, high specific gravity, low thermal expansion coefficient, good electrical and thermal conductivity, processability and weldable characteristics, can be produced by powder metallurgy process. Note: the nickel-copper ratio of commonly used alloys is generally 3:2; Compared with tungsten nickel iron block, tungsten nickel copper block is more suitable for application in the field of magnetic sensitivity.
3) Tungsten high entropy alloy block
It is composed of five or more main elements such as tungsten, molybdenum, titanium and so on with the quantity ratio of such substances or the quantity ratio of nearly such substances, and each element accounts for 5%-35% of the total composition of the alloy, is a new material, in the phase structure stability, strength and toughness, corrosion resistance and radiation resistance and other aspects of the traditional alloy has unparalleled performance advantages, suitable for vacuum arc melting method to prepare.
Three, cemented carbide square
1) WC-Co alloy block: is based on tungsten carbide, cobalt as a binder, a material manufactured by powder metallurgy, with high bending strength, good thermal conductivity, impact resistance and cutting resistance. However, due to the scarcity and high price of cobalt resources, the cost of blocks is relatively high.
2) WC-Ni alloy block: Tungsten carbide as the hard phase, nickel as the bonding phase of the alloy, with high hardness and good corrosion resistance and other characteristics, widely used in the field of mechanical equipment. However, it is precisely because of the high hardness of the alloy that it is very difficult to process and the production cost is large.
In addition, there are tungsten gold bars. Tungsten gold block refers to the ordinary tungsten block gold-plated a product, in addition to having the same physical and chemical properties as ordinary tungsten block, there is a high collection value and appreciation value. Its production cost is closely related to gold price and coating thickness.
In summary, compared with other tungsten cubes, tungsten nickel-iron alloy cubes have higher cost performance and are more suitable for collection. In the case of the same conditions of raw materials, raw material ratio, production process and process parameters, the physical and chemical properties of large, medium and small squares are exactly the same, so consumers should choose tungsten cubes according to their preferences or applications.
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