Diverse applications and development of titanium alloy surface treatment technology
As the demand for titanium building materials continues to grow, higher requirements have been placed on the performance of titanium alloys. Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, architectural decoration and other fields due to their light weight, high strength, and excellent corrosion resistance. In order to meet the performance needs of titanium alloys in different fields, the surface treatment technology of titanium alloys is particularly important.
1. Overview of titanium alloy surface treatment technology
1. Sandblasting treatment: Use white corundum rough blasting to treat the surface of titanium castings to remove adhering sand, sintered layers and partial oxide layers. This process is usually controlled at a pressure below 0.45Mpa and a time range of 15 to 30 seconds.
2. Chemical pickling: Use HF-HCl and HF-HNO3 pickling solutions to quickly and completely remove the reaction layer on the titanium alloy surface while reducing contamination from other elements. HF-HNO3 series pickling liquid can reduce the amount of hydrogen absorption and achieve bright treatment by controlling the HNO3 concentration.
3. AC micro-arc oxidation: The base metal is directly transformed into oxide ceramics through instantaneous high-temperature and high-pressure sintering in the micro-arc discharge zone, forming a thicker oxide film to improve the anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties of titanium alloys.
4. Ion implantation: such as nitrogen ion implantation, which can improve the tribological properties and hardness of titanium alloy while maintaining the geometric accuracy of the workpiece.
5. Plasma nitriding and shot peening: A nitriding layer composed of TiN, Ti2N and other phases is formed on the surface of the titanium alloy, and the shot peening deformation strengthening post-treatment improves wear resistance and resistance.
6. Laser cladding: Obtains an excellent coating on the surface of titanium alloy to improve its high temperature wear resistance and corrosion resistance. It is often used for repairing gas turbine engine parts.
7. Anodizing: Under specific conditions, such as after crystallization of large ice flowers, anodizing is performed to beautify the appearance and improve corrosion resistance.
8. Wire drawing treatment: Drawing filamentous textures on the surface of titanium alloy to increase texture, which is common in consumer electronics and other fields.
9. Mirror polishing: Make the surface of titanium alloy as smooth as a mirror, with high reflectivity, suitable for occasions that require beautiful appearance and high reflective performance.
In addition, there are pre-treatment methods such as molten salt treatment that can assist the above methods to achieve better results. In practical applications, multiple treatment methods can be selected or combined according to the specific applications and requirements of titanium alloys to achieve the best results.
2. Special requirements for surface treatment of titanium alloys
In addition to conventional mechanical properties, the surface treatment of titanium alloys also needs to consider some special requirements.
1. Anti-discoloration treatment: Titanium is easily oxidized and discolored when in contact with oxygen. Covers such as glass can be used to prevent or delay discoloration. Oxidation coloring and etching treatments allow for unique artistic effects, such as colorful sculptures.
2. Anti-glare treatment: requires low surface gloss and soft color. Matt finish rolling, pickling, shot blasting and other methods can be used to make the surface of the titanium plate appear finely uneven and reduce the gloss.
To sum up, there are various surface treatment technologies for titanium alloys, and the appropriate method can be selected according to different needs. With the advancement of science and technology and the growth of demand, titanium alloy surface treatment technology will continue to develop, providing stronger support for the application of titanium alloys.
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